2017 Budget Loose expenses not met by taxes and fees

“An ordinary budget burdened with taxes, fees, waste, and unproductive expenses in extraordinary and dangerous times”. This is what describes the 2017 budget, the first budget to be approved by Parliament since the last budget of 2005.

Additional Spending
The expenditures of 2005 budget were recorded at LBP 10,000 billion. Since then, the non-adoption of public budget has led to the adoption of the twelfth rule in government expenditures and tax collection. This rule is valid for one month or more but not exceeding one year. Thus, the government spending increased significantly in the following years. It totaled LBP 105,464 billion (USD 70.3 billion) from 2006 to 2017, distributed over the following years as shown below in table No.1:  
These amounts include the much-talked-about USD 11 billion that was considered as a stolen amount. In fact, it is an additional spending that goes beyond the 2005 budget without legal justification. 

Table No.1: Additional Spending of 2005 Public Budget

Estimated Additional Spending of 2005

Expenditures (LBP Billion)

Year

-

10,000

2005

1,195

11,195

2006

1,840

11,840

2007

1,475

11,475

2008

6,304

16,304

2009

9,537

19,537

2010

9,826

19,826

2011

11,063

21,063

2012

11,300

21,300

2013

11,927

21,927

2014

13,362

23,362

2015

12,933

22,933

2016

14,702

24,702

2017

105,464

-

Total

Source: Bills of public budgets in the said years
 

N.B: These estimated expenditures are stated in the bills of public budget for the said years. As for the actual expenditures, they remain tentative until issuing the “Statement of Account” that will show the actual expenditures and revenues. 


Expenditures of 2017
The expenditures of 2017 amounted to LBP 24,701 billion compared to LBP 10,000 billion in 2005, i.e. an increase of LBP 14,701 billion (147%).  Table No.2 shows the expenditures of 2005, 2007, and 2017 budgets. 

The budget of the following ministries contributed to the large increase.  The increase represents the expenditures spent by non-service ministries or investment-related ministries.
   • Ministry of National Defense: around LBP 1957 billion (230%)
    Ministry of Interior & Municipalities: around LBP 1033 billion (233%)
    Prime Minister: around LBP 1043 billion (210%)
    President of the Republic: around LBP 16 billion (353%)
    Ministry of Education & Higher Education: around LBP 842 billion (96%)
    Public Debt Service: around LBP 3200 billion (82%)

Table No.2:  Expenditures of 2017 budget compared to 2010 and 2005 budgets (Amounts in LBP thousands)

2017

2010

2005

Sections

20,472,800

15,577,000

4,71,000

Presidency of the Republic

73,674,000

65,750,000

43,900,000

Parliament

1,540,587,398

1,725,595,892

497,354,853

Prime Minister’s Office

1,889,500

1,708,340

1,724,190

Constitutional Council

162,690,813

124,310,139

49,053,902

Ministry of Justice

167,390,500

148,099,500

106,246,050

Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Emigrants

1,476,290,269

970,931,752

443,953,908

Ministry of Interior & Municipalities

608,074,001

443,718,655

1,197,881,228

Ministry of Finance

360,198,677

542,021,202

167,332,347

Ministry of Public Works & Transport

2,809,649,400

1,569,170.000

852,267,250

Ministry of National Defense

1,719,669,380

1,293,355,452

877,734,000

Ministry of Education & Higher Education

679,970,275

486,658,209

360,266,913

Ministry of Public Health

28,234,500

70,741,300

7,008,370

Ministry of Economy & Trade

68,212,060

78,000,000

41,106,044

Ministry of Agriculture

7,099,500

10,989,500

12,127,750

Ministry of Telecommunications

415,711,500

359,672,000

108,580,244

Ministry of Labor

46,880,400

31,793,500

29,102,500

Ministry of Information

178,071,000

731,859,500

61,201,900

Ministry of Energy & Water

25,830,000

18,716,000

14,156,788

Ministry of Tourism

39,818,500

27,436,000

17,482,960

Ministry of Culture

9,945,500

7,325,000

3,909,000

Ministry of Environment

7,121,327

7,562,800

5,590,000

Ministry of Displaced

14,175,500

28,806,500

9,314,500

Ministry of Youth & Sports

223,767,500

142,833,608

87,299,569

Ministry of Social Affairs

7,997,000

5,847,837

5,843,400

Ministry of Industry

7,100,000,000

6,100,000,000

3,900,000,000

Due Debts

2,250,000.000

1,400,000.000

900,000,000

Pensions and Termination Indemnities

2558,532837

760,120,314

194,992,224

Budget Reserves

2,00,000.000

2,369,000.000

-

Public Institutions’ Support

24,701,954,137

19,537,600.000

10,000,000.000

Total Public Budget

Source: Public budget bills for the years 2005-2010-2017 

N.B: An amount of LBP 1,200 billion was allocated for the salary scale in the section of 2017 budget reserves. 

Waste and Unnecessary Spending
At a time when the Lebanese government is striving to increase and impose more taxes and fees, the 2017 budget bill includes many sections on spending that may be incorporated under the title of “inefficient spending” or “waste”. The amount of such spending totaled around LBP 1000 billion including:

    LBP 115 billion for free private schools, some of which are located near public schools, which means that the government pays twice for the same work.
   •  LBP 6 billion for the national program to support the poorest families. The distribution of these funds does not take into account the situation of the poorest families but it is subject to political and sectarian considerations. It is a small amount compared to the situation of poverty in Lebanon. 
    LBP 13 billion for social and health projects in partnership with NGOs. The projects are fictitious and the organizations are associated with political and religious authorities. 
    LBP 4.3 billion (USD 2.86 million) for planting tree saplings in the governmental ministries and departments. 
    LBP 11.1 billion (USD 7.4 million) for holiday and representational allowances. 
    LBP 4.5 billion for exhibitions and festivals.
    LBP 13.5 billion for internal and external delegations and conferences.  
    LBP 300 million for the Association of Lebanese Industrialists. 
    LBP 885 million for the Syrian-Lebanese Higher Council. The legitimate question is about the role of the Council after the diplomatic exchange and the establishment of two embassies in Damascus and Beirut. 
    LBP 2.1 billion to support the project on enhancing the implementation of the Council of Ministers’ decisions. 
    LBP 1.025 billion as contribution to the Hajj and Omra affairs authority.
    LBP 905 million for the Lebanese National Commission for Women’s Affairs.
    LBP 100 million for the Lebanese Women’s Council (LWC). 
    LBP 18 billion as contribution to the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), which is adopted in most ministries and employs highly-paid staff. 
    LBP 2 billion for the nonoperational Economic and Social Council.
    LBP 3.4 billion for the nonoperational ELYSSAR, a public agency for the planning and development of Beirut’s south-western suburbs.
    LBP 1 billion for the Supreme Council for Privatization (SCP). 
    LBP 2 billion for the National Council for Traffic Safety. 
    LBP 871 million for the Public Authority for Consumer Markets.
    LBP 700 million as contribution to the bodies dealing with minors and delinquents. 
    LBP 15 billion for renting ESCWA building. (Solidere Company, the owner of the building, benefits from this high rental cost). 
    LBP 200 billion to support interest on investment, agricultural, industrial, tourism sector, and technological loans.
    LBP 13 billion for the Railways and Public Transport Authority that is barely functioning. 
    LBP 35 billion to exempt the pupils from parental contributions.
    LBP 2 billion to implement joint projects in vocational education. 
    LBP 445 billion for public sector hospitalization.
    LBP 500 million for Yaduna Foundation- Women Heart Health Center (WHHC).
    LBP 20 million for the National Council for Hunting.
    LBP 7.07 billion for the postal system (But how will this amount be spent after the privatization of the postal sector?)
    LBP 500 million as contribution to the General Labor Union. 
    LBP 500 million as contribution to the Lebanese Press Editors Syndicate (LPES).
    LBP 350 million as contribution to the Lebanese Press Syndicate.
    LBP 20 billion as contribution to Télé Liban.
    LBP 2 billion as contribution to the Lebanese National Media Council.
    LBP 10 billion as contribution to the Petroleum Sector Management Authority.
    LBP 2 billion for the expenses of external tourism offices.
    LBP 7 billion for advertising expenses.
    LBP 5.7 billion to support tourism festivals.
    LBP 1 billion as contribution from the Ministry of Culture to non-profit organizations.
    LBP 1.2 billion as contribution from the Ministry of Environment to environmental associations. 
    LBP 1.3 billion as contribution from the Ministry of Displaced to associations in the villages of displacement. 
    LBP 5 billion as contribution to the sports clubs.
    LBP 100 million for the reproductive health project. 
    LBP 700 million for the Higher Council for Childhood.
    LBP 10 billion for delinquency prevention and juvenile protection projects.
    LBP 165.7 billion as contribution from the Ministry of Social Affairs to associations dealing with social, humanitarian, and health affairs. 

"LBP 11.1 billion
(USD 7.4 million) for holiday and
representational allowances"
"LBP 20 billion 
(USD    million)
as contribution to Télé Liban"
"LBP 4.3 billion
(USD 2.86 million) for planting tree saplings in the
governmental
ministries and
departments"

 

New Taxes and Fees
The 2017 budget includes a large number of taxes and fees, some of which are imposed for the first time while existing ones have been raised. The Lebanese government estimates the new tax revenues at LBP 2460 billion.  Table No. 3 below  shows the taxes and fees  of 2017 budget compared to the old  budget . 

Table No.3: Old and New Taxes and Fees 

Taxes and fees according to the new Budget

Taxes and fees according to the old Budget

Any person who unlawfully occupies public maritime or river properties or other properties located on the railway line shall pay triple the amount of fees of similar licensed occupations in accordance with the rates and prices introduced by the Decree No. 2522/92. (It should be noted that the above is a low percentage compared to the value of illegally occupied properties. The revenues are estimated at around LBP 100 billion, while the actual value should not be less than LBP 1500 billion, which means that the fees are biased against the government).

-

If the industrial and commercial institutions are operating when subject to income tax on the basis of real profit, they are subject to a tax of 2% of their rental value.

If the industrial and commercial institutions are operating when subject to income tax on the basis of real profit, they are not subject to taxes but are considered as an element of industrial or commercial investment.

The tax is no longer imposed on the new buildings constructed by the real estate companies and subject to income tax when the buildings are vacant for a maximum period of 18 months. Except as provided in the previous paragraph, the tax is no longer imposed on the buildings when they are vacant for a maximum period of 6 months.

In case of vacant buildings, the tax is no longer imposed as no income is generated.

The rental values are annually raised according to the target inflation rate set by the Banque du Liban. Increases ranging from 50% to 200% have also been introduced according to the date of occupancy of buildings.

The direct estimate can be extended for a new 3-year period by decision of the Ministry of Finance if the economic conditions are stable and the rents remain stable.

The offshore companies are exempted from income taxes on profits. They are instead subject to an annual tax of LBP 1 million.

The offshore companies are exempted from income taxes on profits. They are instead subject to an annual tax of LBP 1 million.

The rate of fees shall be 0.004 (4/1000).

The rate of fees shall be 0.003 (3/1000).

•      To pay LBP 500,000 as fees to obtain a license for investing public water in agriculture.

•      To pay LBP 7.5 billion as fees to obtain a license for investing public water in industry.

•      To pay LBP 50 million as fees to obtain a license for investing public water in water sales.

•     To pay LBP 2.5 million as fees to obtain a license for filling and selling water

-

If the power of attorney does not  mention any amount of money:

     A special power of attorney: LBP 5,000

  •     A general power of attorney: LBP 10,000

If the power of attorney does not  mention any amount of money:

 •      A special power of attorney: LBP 15,000

•      A general power of attorney: LBP 25,000

     An irrevocable power of attorney: LBP 50,000

Police record: LBP 4,000

Police record: LBP 2,000

Every bill issued by the Ministry of Telecommunications for the subscribers of phones and internet services: LBP 2,500

Every bill issued by the Ministry of Telecommunications for the subscribers of phones and internet services: no fees

Each receipt indicating discharge, delivery, arrival, or deposit: LBP 250

Each receipt indicating discharge, delivery, arrival, or deposit: LBP 100

Unpaid bill: LBP 250

Unpaid bill: LBP 100

Internet or mobile phone bill: LBP 1500

 

Internet or mobile phone bill: no fees

1.5% of the speculative value determined by the speculation committee of each Mohafaza, provided that the fees of each floor do not exceed LBP 500,000

License to build, rebuild, or add a building.

    For every floor: LBP 2,000 per square meter provided that the fees do not exceed LBP 250,000

An excise duty of 4% is imposed upon importation of diesel. It is collected by the Customs.

-

Traffic fees for vehicles aged 13 years and above.

    Vehicles of 1 to 10 horsepowers: LBP 40,000

 Vehicles of 41 to 50 horsepowers: LBP 250,000

Traffic fees for vehicles aged 13 years and above.

 Vehicles of 1 to 10 horsepowers: LBP 33,000

  Vehicles of 41 to 50 horsepowers: LBP 230,000

Traffic fees for vehicles aged between 5 and 12 years.

•     Vehicles of 1 to 10 horsepowers: LBP 90,000

•  Vehicles of 41 to 50 horsepowers: LBP 610,000

Traffic fees for vehicles aged between 5 and 12 years.

    Vehicles of 1 to 10 horsepowers: LBP 75,000

  • Vehicles of 41 to 50 horsepowers: LBP 510,000

Traffic fees for vehicles aged two to four years.

 Vehicles of 1 to 10 horsepowers: LBP 185,000

  Vehicles of 41 to 50 horsepowers: LBP 1.400 million

Traffic fees for vehicles aged two to four years.

    Vehicles of 1 to 10 horsepowers: LBP 155,000

 

Leaving Lebanese territory by land: LBP 5,000

Leaving Lebanese territory by land: no fees

Leaving Lebanese territory by air or sea.

   Tourist class: LBP75,000

      •   Business class: LBP 110,000

    First class: LBP 150,000

    •     Passenger who travels on a private aircraft: LBP 400,000

Leaving Lebanese territory by air or sea.

    Tourist class: LBP 50,000

  •    Business class: LBP 70,000

 •        First class: LBP 100,000

The profits of stock companies are subject to a tax of 17%.

The profits of stock companies are subject to a tax of 15%.

The notary fees are doubled.

The notary fees

Profit on disposal of fixed assets tax, including real estate: 15%

Profit on disposal of fixed assets tax, including real estate: no fees

Tax on interest received from banks: 7%

Tax on  interest received from banks: 5%

Value Added Tax: 11%

Value Added Tax: 10%

Tax on the production of one ton of cement: LBP 6,000

Tax on the production of one ton of cement: No fees

Consumption fees imposed on alcoholic beverages:

    LBP 300

  •    LBP 1,000

  •    LBP 2,000

Consumption fees imposed on beverages:

    LBP 60

 •    LBP 200

 •    LBP 400

Tax on the prizes of foreign and Lebanese national lottery sold in Lebanon: 20% for the prizes exceeding LBP 10,000

Tax on the prizes of foreign and Lebanese national lottery sold in Lebanon: 10%

The domicile is exclusively adopted as a means of payment of each of the following fees:

      •    Traffic fees

    Fees of water, electricity and telephone subscriptions 

Leave the option for citizens to decide.

 


Secret Expenditures of Security Agencies 

The public budget allocates secret expenditures to the security agencies. These expenditures are used to establish networks of informers, to pay money for obtaining useful information, or to pay allowances to senior officers and elements who succeeded in their work or perhaps for other purposes. These known and limited amounts are secretly spent without recourse to the financial regulators. 

The secret expenditures of the 2017 budget totaled LBP 47,860 billion. They are distributed as follows:

    LBP 18 billion for the Lebanese Army.
    LBP 15 billion for the Internal Security Forces (ISF). 
    LBP 10 billion for the Lebanese General Security. 
    LBP 4.5 billion for the General Directorate of State Security. 
    LBP 360 million for the airport Security. 

This amount has risen significantly since 2014, as the 2010 bill budget was only LBP 19,770 billion.
It rose to LBP 29,560 billion in 2012.


Some may consider these expenditures as low compared to the terrorist security challenges faced by Lebanon at the current delicate and dangerous stage. The level of these expenditures may, however, be seen as high as they equal the expenditures of five ministries and departments:

Presidency of the Republic of Lebanon: LBP 20.4 billion.
Lebanese Constitutional Council: LBP 1.9 billion.
Ministry of Environment: LBP 9.9 billion.
Ministry of Displaced: LBP 7.1 billion.
Ministry of Industry: LBP 8 billion.

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